DDI-Explorer

Coming soon! Pre-order available!

Overview

The concurrent administration of two or more medicines may result in interaction between their components. Such interaction might be of minor, moderate or serious impact on the health condition of patients. 2 – 3% of drug-drug interactions (DDI) reported at a worldwide level has led to life-threatening, and even fatal, consequences. 14 – 16% of the preventable medications error in the US was attributed to mistaken combination of drug substances. Reasons for this state-of-affair in this matter are too numerous to count. Clinical practioners could not be held responsible for this matter since evidence on the interaction might not have been available at hand when medicines were prescribed to their patients. Such practioners are inclined to blame it on the drug information databases for their inability to avail ready access to relevant information on DDIs matters. In a recent survey in Washington DC area, 510 pharmacy shops, employing DDIs software, were asked to identify the likely interactions in seven dummy prescriptions. These systems failed to identify existing DDIs in about 33% of the case despite the fact that official generic names were used to issue the dummy prescriptions. Such performance rating could have been worse if brand names and/or multiple ingredients products were contained in the dummy prescriptions. Controversy on the reason for such shortcomings is still waging. While some put the blame on the information databases, others blame the efficiency of computerized DDIs systems.

Information pertaining to DDIs is scattered in more than a dozen drug databases. These include the internationally reputed Martindale Extra Pharmacopoeia (Dale), the American Hospital Formulary Service (AHFS), the United States Pharmacopoeia Drug Information (USP-DI), the German Pharmacopoeia and other DDIs specific publications such as Hartman Ammon, Philip Hansten and Evan Stockley. The sources are characterized by the lack of overlap in the body of information they offer. The diagram provided hereunder highlights the overlap between 11,260 interactions reported USP-DI and other databases. Whilst the bracketed values in the below diagram represent the number of DDI reports contained in each database, the values in RED represent the frequency of overlaps.

While the signification of the above argument are self-evident, they distinctly underline one of the most serious reasons for prescribing error that could be otherwise detected by healthcare professionals.

Some of other equally serious deficiencies in reporting DDIs may be related to the inadequate identification of DDIs caused by induced drug effects despite the fact that such effects are extensively documented by regulatory agencies.

In addition, the independent, and often inconsistent, reporting of DDIs related to drug and their prodrugs adds extra insult to the injury. For example, some of the life-threatening interactions for Amphetamine and the amphetamine class of drugs are provided in most of the databases. Notwithstanding, DDIs for a dozen of prodrugs and/or precursors of amphetamine or monoamines, are almost totally unreported by such databases.

The DDI-Explorer has emerged with the promise of accounting for all of the above mentioned shortcomings. With more than two decades of dedicated search in the interaction literature, our system presently provides information based on more than 125,000 interaction reports that have been documented in more than a dozen of reputable information databases.

DDI-Explorer has been supplemented with some unique features that exactly identify the kinetic or dynamic bases for a reported interaction. The implication of liver enzymes and transporters in reported interactions is precisely and concisely provided by the liver and target matrices. Such a tool would prove to be indispensable for practitioners and researchers since it would enable them to predict interaction not reported the relevant literature.

Unlike other databases, the Liver Enzymes / Transporter modality of the DDI-Explorer offers a unique and novel tool that disambiguates the generalized and incomplete reporting of the implication of liver enzymes in DDIs.

The DDI-Explorer is intended for use by professional individuals (pharmacists, physicians, nurses) and corporate establishment such as hospitals, clinics, healthcare institutions and Pharmaceutical industry). It could be also used by ordinary individuals who strongly advised NEVER to change their medicines without consulting with their healthcare professionals.

The DDI-Explorer gives easy online access to the whole database and can be used on your desktop PC, notebook, smartphone, tablet PC and even Smart TV – any device that has a browser and access to the Internet. Mobile apps coming soon!

Screenshots

Drugs to be analyzed

The above prescription is intended to demonstrate how the DDI-Explorer for single and multiple-ingredient products (CIPROBAY and MAALOX PLUS) and how it handles different dosage forms containing the same active ingredient (Terracyline Tablets and Eye Ointment). In addition, it contains the anti-asmatics prodrug Aminophylline.

Direct Interactions

As demonstrated by system’s primary output, two additional drugs have been automatically added to the submitted prescription, namely, Theophylline and Oxtriphylline in the evaluation since Aminophylline is a prodrug of Theophylline and Oxtriphylline is the Choline salts of Theophylline. In addition, whilst no interaction was displayed for Tetracycline Eye Ointment, these are detected for the drug administered via the systemic oral route.

Ciprofloxacin and Aminophylline Interaction

It is evident that no clinically significant interactions were reported for Ciprofloxacin and Oxtriphylline by any database.

Theophylline and Ciprofloxacin Interaction

However, four life-threatening interactions were detected for the two drugs by many databases.

Extended Search

Theophylline and Ciprofloxacin Extended Interaction

Induced Effects

The apparent lack of consistency related to the involvement of liver enzymes in the elimination of Theophylline and Aminophylline is a reflection of the same due to their independent, and inconsistent, reporting of such involvement in the scientific literature.

Enzymes - Ciprofloxacin

The apparent lack of consistency related to the involvement of liver enzymes in the elimination of Theophylline and Aminophylline is a reflection of the same due to their independent, and inconsistent, reporting of such involvement in the scientific literature.

Enzymes - Aminophylline

The apparent lack of consistency related to the involvement of liver enzymes in the elimination of Theophylline and Aminophylline is a reflection of the same due to their independent, and inconsistent, reporting of such involvement in the scientific literature.

Drugs to be analyzed

Direct Interactions

The above example is intended to demonstrate the unlimited capabilities of the DDI-Explorer to simultaneously evaluate any combination of concurrently administered drugs. The primary system’s output provided by the system becomes very extensive upon including ZYROXIN (a natural supplement marketed in the U.S.A.) to the prescription.

Enzymes - Carbamazepine

Precise and detailed evidence for the auto-induction characteristic of Carbamazepine is given in the above diagram.

Enzymes - Amidodarone

The above diagram show a summary of the involvement of liver enzyme in the elimination of Amiodarone and Fluoxetine. They reveal an unprecedented evidence of a definitive auto-inhibition characteristic for both drugs.

Enzymes - Fluoxetine

The above diagram show a summary of the involvement of liver enzyme in the elimination of Amiodarone and Fluoxetine. They reveal an unprecedented evidence of a definitive auto-inhibition characteristic for both drugs.

Videos

Screencasts of the product, coming soon.

Features

• Single or multiple drugs interactions, you may choose up to 50 drugs for simultaneous interactions analysis
• Drugs interactions information based on top up-to-date 12 world-wide databases from 6 countries: The American Hospital Formulary Service (AHFS, USA), Hartman Ammon (Germany), The British National Formulary (BNF, GB), DataBank (dBank, Canada), Drugs.com (USA, New Zealand), Facts & Comparisons (F&C, USA), Philip Hansten (USA), Martindale (GB), Linfo (Sweden), The Rota Liste (Germany), Ivan Stockley (GB), USP-DI (USA).
• Cross-database search and analysis, complete and unprecedented Evidence-Based information.
• 100% transparent and verified results: you get information about the drugs interactions and how they are listed in the world-wide databases and may check (verify) it if you want.
• Support a huge number of international and national generic and brand drug names, to make sure you can find information about interactions no matter who is the supplier/manufacturer of the drug or country of origin
• Works on all devices (desktop PC, notebook, smartphone, tablet PC, etc.)

Benefits

Why do you need DDI-Explorer?

For personal use:

• Verify that your medicine prescription is safe and can be used with other drugs
• Get information about a single drug

For professional use:

• Verify that your medicine prescription is safe and can be used with other drugs
• Get information about drugs and their components, what drugs can be replaced
• Eliminate medical prescription errors and negative side-effects

FAQ

General questions

Usability questions

Pricing and license questions

Reviews & feedback

Coming soon.

Software & hardware requirements

The DDI-Explorer is distributed on SaS model, so everything you need is a modern browser (Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari, etc.) and Internet to access the product. It doesn't matter what operating system you use (Windows, Linux, iOS, Android, etc.). After you purchase the license, you will get a link and one or more username/password for authenticated access. You may use any device desktop PC, notebook, smartphone, tablet PC, etc. The DDI-Explorer works behind proxy-servers, so there will be no problems accessing it in corporate environments with strict security policies. There are no requirements for the Internet channel, you may use Wi-Fi, wired LAN connection, satellite Internet or mobile (2G, 3G, 4G, etc.).

Clients

Among our clients that use the DDI-Explorer are:

• Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation (pre-order)

Wiki

More information about the concept of DDI-Explorer, scientific results and explanations, statistical data and presentations available at wiki area.

Support

We provide support services for our clients according to their pricing plans. The support is available via ticket system (coming soon), online chat (coming soon), support form and phone via call-center (coming soon).

Pricing and licenses

Currently the product is at final testing stage. Please, fill this form for pre-order to be the first who will gain access to the DDI-Explorer. You will get special pricing and offers when the product goes live. We will assign personal manager for you who will inform you about the development details and help you pre-order/buy the product.

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